Auguste Comte and His Role in the History of Sociology

Auguste Comte was born on January 20, 1798  (according to the Revolutionary calendar then used in France), in Montpellier, France. He was a philosopher who is also considered to be the father of sociology, the study of the  development and function of human society, and of positivism, a means of using scientific evidence to discern causes for human behavior. Early Life and Education Auguste Comte was born in Montpellier, France. After attending the Lycà ©e Joffre and then the University of Montpellier, he  was admitted to the École Polytechnique in Paris. The École closed in 1816, at which time Comte took up permanent residence in Paris, earning a precarious living there by teaching mathematics and journalism. He read widely in philosophy and history and was especially interested in those thinkers who were beginning to discern and trace some order in the history of human society. System of Positive Philosophy Comte lived during one of the most turbulent periods in European history. As a philosopher, therefore, his aim was not only to understand human society but to prescribed a system by which we could make order out of the chaos, and thus change society for the better. He eventually developed what he called a system of positive philosophy, in which logic and mathematics, combined with sensory experience, could better assist in understanding human relationships and action, in the same way that the scientific method  had allowed an understanding of the natural world. In 1826, Comte began a series of lectures on his system of positive philosophy for a private audience, but he soon suffered a serious nervous breakdown. He was hospitalized and later recovered with the help of his wife, Caroline Massin, whom he married in 1824. He resumed teaching the course in January 1829, marking the beginning of the second period in Comtes life that lasted 13 years. During this time he published the six volumes of his Course on Positive Philosophy  between 1830 and 1842. From 1832 to 1842, Comte was a tutor and then an examiner at the revived École Polytechnique. After quarreling with the directors of the school, he lost his post. During the remainder of his life, he was supported by English admirers and French disciples. Additional Contributions to Sociology Though Comte did not originate the concept of sociology or its area of study, he is credited with coining the term and he greatly extended and elaborated the field. Comte divided sociology into two main fields, or branches: social statics, or the study of the forces that hold society together; and social dynamics, or the study of the causes of ​social change.   By using certain tenets of physics, chemistry, and biology, Comte extrapolated what he considered to be a few irrefutable facts about society, namely that since the growth of the human mind progresses in stages, so too must societies. He claimed the history of society could be divided into three different stages: theological, metaphysical, and positive, otherwise known as the Law of Three Stages. The theological stage reveals humankinds superstitious nature, one that ascribes supernatural causes to the workings of the world. The metaphysical stage is an interim stage in which humanity begins to shed its superstitious nature. The final and most evolved stage is reached when human beings finally realize that natural phenomena and world events can be explained through reason and science. Secular Religion Comte separated from his wife in 1842, and in 1845 he began a relationship with Clotilde de Vaux, whom he idolized. She served as the inspiration for his Religion of Humanity, a secular creed intended for the veneration not of God but of humankind, or what Comte called the New Supreme Being.  According to Tony Davies, who has written extensively on the history of humanism, Comtes new religion was a  complete system of belief and ritual, with liturgy and sacraments, priesthood and pontiff, all organized around the public veneration of Humanity. De Vaux died only a year into their affair, and after her death, Comte devoted himself to writing another major work, the four-volume System of Positive Polity, in which he completed his formulation of sociology. Major Publications The Course on Positive Philosophy (1830-1842)Discourse on the Positive Spirit (1844)A General View of Positivism (1848)Religion of Humanity (1856) Death Auguste Comte died in Paris on September 5, 1857, from stomach cancer. He is buried in the famous Pere Lachaise Cemetery, next to his mother and Clotilde de Vaux.

The Game Theory And Politics - 1709 Words

Game Theory and Politics Whenever Game theory is taught at colleges, politics is one area that is never touched upon as an application of game theory. Though game theory in international relations and national politics has been a studied in detail in the past, there has been a recent increase in the popularity of this study. An increasing number of game models are extensively being used in informed studies of arms control, preservation of international peace, disarmament policies, environmental treaties, national politics, international trade negotiations and bargaining process etc., with all the studies sharing the assumption that all the players in the international arena are rational with respect to the goals they seek to advance.†¦show more content†¦Thus, governments will gain if they engage in international cooperation to limit expenditure on military buildup. This problem of arms, and in general any problem of cooperation, can be explained through the game of prisoners dilemma. Prisoner’s dilemma was conceptualized by Melvin Dresher and Merrill Flood in 195, and formalized and named by Albert Tucker. This game provides a basic framework for the balance between cooperation and competition and therefore, is used extensively in strategic decision-making. Our example, arms race, can be modeled through this game. Two governments, lets all them A and B decide whether to build nuclear arms or not. Thus, each has two choices: build nuclear arms (denote by w) and not build nuclear arms (denote by n) and their respective choices give them certain payoff. The following 2x2 matrix describes the model: B A Build (W) Not Build (N) Build (W) (2,2) (4,1) Not Build (N) (1,4) (3,3) We can see that if both countries agree to not build nuclear arms, they have a higher payoff than they do if they both build. However, if they differ in their choices, then the country that chooses to build will have a power advantage over the other and thus, a higher payoff. In the above figure, if A chooses to build and if B

Progressivism And Social Reconstruction Education Essay

Philosophy of Education Paper Throughout this class I have been presented with many controversial issues going on in the education system today. I have never truly thought about them in such a way that impacted my philosophy of Education. Whether it be the school reforms, the types of schools, laws passed, etc. I was able to evaluate the importance of education in a brighter light than ever before. My philosophy for education includes instruction for life skills, social behavior, and one’s true self, with Progressivism and Social reconstruction being my main focus for education. Purpose of Education The views of education are so wide and different that it is important to incorporate all of the best ones to create a productive environment in the classroom. I believe that Progressivism and Social Reconstruction are key to creating an engaging, constructive, and warm learning environment. The progressivism theory conducts the schools to incorporate various concerns and discoveries from the real-world experiences (Sadker and Zittleman 2013). There are many instances in the classroom where students become tired of the material they are learning, however acknowledging the ways they can use it in the real world makes the knowledge they gained so much more gratified. Bringing Social Reconstructionism into the classroom provides students the availability to become aware of the society that they live in, teaching them to be responsible citizens when they grow up. ManyShow MoreRelatedMy Personal Philosophy Of Education1335 Words   |  6 Pages I tested into a pr ogressivism teaching style in the â€Å"Finding Your Philosophy of Education Quiz.† While I enjoyed learning about the different philosophies and psychological influences of teaching, I prefer constructivism, social reconstruction, and progressivism due to their student-centered learning, hands-on or project based learning style, while making efforts to improve the world around them. I will be discussing why I chose progressivism, social reconstruction, and constructivism as my preferencesRead MoreMy Teaching Philosophy Of Education880 Words   |  4 Pagesto the Education Philosophy test that we took in class, my education philosophy matched with social reconstruction. Social Reconstructionist believes that systems must keep changing to improve human conditions. Also, emphasizes social questions and to create a better society. Social reconstructionist believe that you have to start over to make things better. While going through the PowerPoint that explained what social rec onstitution is, in a deeper way, I came to the conclusion that social reconstructionRead MoreThe Civil War And Reconstruction Period Essay1619 Words   |  7 PagesThe Civil War and Reconstruction period provided African American people with a legal definition of citizenship through three constitutional amendments. Beginning with the 13th Amendment slavery was abolished, then 14th Amendment provided equal protection under the law, and lastly the 15th Amendment allowed all men, including African Americans, the ability to vote. However, the transition from enslavement to freedom was a difficult and terrifying one for most black women as they had little or noRead MoreMy Teaching Philosophy1217 Words   |  5 PagesEver since I decided to pursue a career in the field of education, I always wondered what grade level best fitted me. Could it be Elementary, where children have been stereotyped as uncontrollable little brats, Middle School, where the students are depicted as uncontrolla ble, rebellious students, or High School, oh gee whiz? I have decided that I would pursue a career in Elementary School. The grade level I hope to teach is at the elementary school level. My current goal is to either teach the 4thRead More The Progressive Movement Essay531 Words   |  3 PagesProgressive Movement quot;Progressive Education assumes the world changes, and that in a universe that is not particularly concerned with ability to think straightquot; - Rychard Fink During the early 1900s, the Progressive Movement came to the forefront of what Herbert Kliebard has called quot;the struggle for the American curriculum.quot; Progressivism consistently challenged traditional ideals concerning the foundations upon which students education in schools was based. The movement wasRead MorePhilosophy And Philosophy Of Education1866 Words   |  8 PagesPhilosophy of Education An educational philosophy gives teachers and all educators’ ways to use problem solving in schools. For a lot of practitioners, actual teaching has been reduced to action lacking of a rationale or justification. According to Alan Sadovick, the author of our textbook, a philosophy of education is â€Å"firmly rooted in practice, whereas philosophy, as a discipline, stands on its own with no specific end in mind† (Sadovnik, 2013, pg. 179). All teachers and prospective teachers haveRead MoreSocial Reconstruction And Its Impact On Education1297 Words   |  6 PagesAbstract Social Reconstruction is a viewpoint or philosophy of education that centers on utilizing education to eradicate social inequities. Supporters of this theory maintain clear views of education. What the function of the teacher will have to be, what the character of curriculum and will have to be, and what the procedure of guideline inside classrooms should be. The role of the teacher is to generate enlightening and thought-provoking classes so that it will open their students’ perceptionsRead MorePhilosophy And Its Potential Effects On Decision Making1263 Words   |  6 PagesPhilosophy of education influences and largely determines, individual’s educational decisions. (Ornstein, Edwards Stacey, 2015) State and local policymakers, researchers, teachers, and administrators confront a variety of conflicting philosophies and prescriptions in the debate over school curriculum, structure and reform. (Elmore, 1990) Ultimately, choices related to school structure, culture and curriculum are influenced by the philosophy (lens) in which decision-making personnel use to viewRead More Philosophical And Ideological Perspectives In Education Essay examples784 Words   |  4 PagesPerspectives In Education Introduction The Second Edition of Philosophical and Ideological Perspectives in Education continue to examine the major schools of philosophy of education through the systems approach. It also considers the relationship of education to major ideologies such as Liberalism, Conservativism, and Marxism. It analyzes the impact of philosophy and ideology on educational theory and practice by examining such theories as Essentialism, Perennialism, Progressivism, and Social ReconstructionismRead MoreEducation Is Aimed At Helping Students Learn New And Exciting Things Every Day1833 Words   |  8 PagesEducation is aimed at helping students learn new and exciting things every day. These things that they are learning now will help students use learning strategies later on in their own lives. The purpose of education is to teach students’ developmental skills in; math, language arts, science, social studies, and reading. This helps the students gain practice, patience, skills for job preparation, college, and social/moral responsibility for ourselves. During senior year of high school, those teachers

The Benefit of Code Switching - 14750 Words

Chapter 1 Introduction Code-switching, which may be defined as the alternation between two or more languages in a speaker’s speech, occurs naturally in the scheme of bilingualism. Studies have reported that code-switching often happened subconsciously; ‘people may not be aware that they have switched, or be able to report, following a conversation, which code they used for a particular topic’ (Wardaugh, 1998, p. 103). However, although bilingual speakers claim that code-switching is an unconscious behavior, research has also shown that it is not a random phenomenon. As attested by Li Wei (1998, p. 156), Sociolinguistics who have studied code switching draw attention to extra-linguistic factors such as topic, setting, relationships†¦show more content†¦Philippines and Malaysia which are multilingual countries, code switching has appeared as a new language variety. Then and Ting (2009) examined the functions of teacher’s code switching in secondary school English and sc ience classrooms in Malaysia, where English has recently been implemented as the language of instruction for science. Classroom interaction data were obtained from two English lessons and a science lesson. According to Fournier (2009) during his talk on â€Å"Strengthening Language Competence† held in UIC – Davao City that the students in Mindanao are multilingual, so, the catalysts of influence in the use of the correct English language are the educators across the curriculum. The learner in school spends almost whole day and they are greatly influenced by educators who are considered as the model in encouraging the learners to speak and write English well. Today, there are still a lot of debates about whether English should remain to be the sole medium of instruction because the students’ English language competence is below par. It is for this reason that the study will be conducted in order to obtain other discoveries that affect the English language competence of the learners. This study is based on the communicative functions of code – switching and perception of the students on the language teacher’s code-switching. Purpose of the Study The purpose of this phenomenological study is to describe how code-switching isShow MoreRelatedCode-Switching Annotated Bibliography932 Words   |  4 Pagesthinks bilingualism is not the simple sum of a language and another language, but more complicated ability that is involved in a complex processing of human brain. Moreover, she saw code-switching as an actuality or evidence of procedure of bilingualism. At first, she refers to there are two types of code-switching; intrasentential and intersentential. Intrasentential occurs in boundaries of a clause or a sentence, so a speaker may add words or phrase of a language into a sentence in another languageRead MoreFor many people or even societies, the usage of two or more languages in a single conversation is1100 Words   |  5 Pagesnormal. Code switching is referred to the switching from the linguistic system of one language or dialect to that of another. Code switching is a common form that is used by bilinguals. Community members that take part in code switching pass on a shared message by the simple act of code switching. It is particularly common in social and relaxed settings, and also might be used where mechanical difficulties appear within a conversation. Why do bilinguals code switch? And how can code switching be usedRead More Code Switching in Language Acquisition Essay967 Words   |  4 PagesCode Switching in Language Acq uisition The acquisition of English as a non-native language proves quite problematic for some individuals. Because English was developed using modifications and borrowed words from scores of fundamentally different languages, it would seem to be a language which most peoples of the world could easily acquire. There should always be something about the language and structure that reflects an individual’s native tongue – whether it be phonology, syntax, or semanticsRead MoreUsing Systematic And Formal Procedures1600 Words   |  7 Pagesand view the benefits and shortcoming of using a quantitative method, two studies related to the effect of code-switching over foreign language learning were selected and examined. Furthermore, the two studies were conducted in contexts where English is being taught as a foreign language. The researchers in these studies used the two most common tools for quantitative research. In the Iranian study, the researchers employed testing procedures to measure the effect of code-switching while the secondRead MoreFinal Consumer Behaviour944 Words   |  4 Pageshelp them manipulate their product’s marketing mix to encourage consumers to buy their products. Some of the aspects that can help marketers develop a strong existence for their brands, within their respective categories are: Consumer Loyalty, Switching between brands, duplication of Purchase law, Double Jeopardy Effects, we briefly touch on all of these aspects and their relation to consumers and brands and finally we’ll conclude with how marketers view of consumers can help them market their brandsRead MoreFeatures Of An Alternative Operating System931 Words   |  4 Pagescontributes to the smooth running of the organization. Any business can also use its computers for marketing their products. Daily customer transactions are now easily done using the computers accounts maintenance system which have contributed to many benefits and saving a lot of time, unlike manual procedures. Documents can now be easily processed in an organization using the micro soft word to produce different documents like letters. Image editing and preparing card can easily be done using Photos hopRead MoreIndustry Analysis: Bargaining Power of Buyers1424 Words   |  6 Pagesease price competition. Low Switching Costs: Switching costs between various airlines remain low. Airlines have tried to mitigate this the threat of customer attrition by instituting various programmes such as Frequent-Flier-Miles, which allow frequent customers to redeem their travel miles for free flights. Should a buyer choose to travel with another airline, the air miles lost can be viewed as a switching cost. However this has not deterred customers from switching by a large extent – customersRead MoreRfid ( Radio Frequency Identification )1189 Words   |  5 Pages RFID (radio frequency identification) is a new technology that threatens to take the place of bar codes in the supply chain world. The technology uses electromagnetic fields to automatically identify and track tags attached to objects. This innovation can provide many benefits in logistics and may revolutionize the entire industry. But, even though the technology provides many benefits it also has many drawbacks and may not be developed enough to become industry standard. The technology alsoRead MoreRfid ( Radio Frequency Identification )1184 Words   |  5 Pages RFID (radio frequency identification) is an new technology that threatens to take the place of bar codes in the supply chain world. The technology uses electromagnetic fields to automatically identify and track tags attached to objects. This innovation can provide many benefits in logistics and may revolutionize the entire industry. But, even though the technology provides many benefits, it also has many drawbacks a nd may not yet be developed enough to become the industry standard. The technologyRead MoreNetwork Architecture Of Third Generation Technology950 Words   |  4 Pages(IEEE 802.11 wireless networks), WiMax (IEEE 802.16 wireless and mobile networks), as well as sensor networks, or personal area networks (e.g. Bluetooth, ZigBee). Mobile terminals include variety of interfaces like GSM which are based on circuit switching. All wireless and mobile networks implements all IP principle, that means all data and signaling will be transferred via IP (Internet Protocol) on network layer. Fifth generation technology provide facilities like camera, MP3 recording, video player

Sandra Jones Free Essays

The plaintiff in this case is Sandra Jones, and the defendant is Winnie Tsige. What is case is about is Winnie Tsige, has been surreptitiously looking at Sandra Jones banking records. 2. We will write a custom essay sample on Sandra Jones or any similar topic only for you Order Now The case was heard September 29, 2011 by the court of appeal for Ontario, and the result at the original trial was does Ontario law recognize a right to bring a civil action for damages for the invasion of personal privacy. 3. The court that heard the case in the attached file was Kevin M. V. Whitaker, of the Superior court of Justice, date March 23 2011, with reasons reported at 2011 ONSC 1475, 333 D. L. R (4TH) 566. 4. The important facts in this case is Tsige and Jones did not know each other, and Tsige was in a relationship with Jones former husband. The other important fact were as a bank employee, Tsige had full access to Jones banking information and contrary to the bank’s policy, looked into Jones banking records at least 174 times over a period of four years. . The issues that the court had to decide is whether the motion judge erred by granting summary judgment and dismissing Jones claim for damages on the ground that Ontario law does not recognize the tort of beach of primacy. 6. The court refer to other cases because Jones appeals to the court, raising the following issue, did the motion judge err in holding that Ontario law does not recognize a cause of action for invasion of privacy. 7. The elements that are necessary in order to be successful with an action for intrusion upon seclusion is first, the defendant’s conduct must be intentional, within which I would include reckless; second that the defendant must have invaded, without lawful justification, the plaintiff’s private affairs or concerns; and third that a reasonable person would regard the invasion as highly offensive causing distress, humiliation or anguish. . The limitations on an action for intrusion upon seclusion are it is only intrusions into matters such as one’s financial or health records, sexual practices and orientation, employment, diary or private correspondence that, viewed objectively on the reasonable person standard, can be described as highly offensive. 9. The factors that the court will consider in setting damages in an action for intrusion upon seclusion is Tsige’s actions were deliberate and repeated and arose from complex web of domestic arrangements likely to provoke strong feelings and animosity, two Jones was understandably very upset by the intrusion into her private financial affairs, and Jones suffered no public embarrassment or harm to her health, welfare, social, business or financial position and Tsige has apologized for her conduct and made genuine attempts to make amends. 0. How this decision changes the law of intentional torts is intentional torts are actions by individuals or businesses that intentionally cause harm to others. When intentional torts occur in the workplace, they are often the result of employees losing their tempers, but in this case Tsige repeatedly examined the private bank records of Jones and did not take any money or any harm to her banking she just committed the tort of intrusion upon secl usion because Tsige looked at Jones banking records 174 over a four year period. 11. This case has a huge impact on privacy because Winnie Tsige, was looking at Sandra Jones banking records 174 time over a four year period and she never realized it, and because they worked at different branches of the Bank of Montreal, Tsige had full access to banking information, and contrary to the banks policy, so Tsige could do whatever she wanted to and no one would find out because there are so many different branches for the Bank of Montreal. 12. This case is important because even though Tsige didn’t harm Jones physically she still sis a lot of damages to her by looking at her banking records many time over a period of time. Another reason this case is important is because Tsige had formed a common law relationship with Jones former husband and because Tsige was a employee at the Bank of Montreal, she had full access to jones banking records and anybody else she wanted to look at, and her Ex-husband was probably telling Tsige to look at Jones banking information and records to see her purchase, what she’s doing with the alimony payments he is giving her ever month, and what she does with her money. I believe just cause you work at the bank you shouldn’t have full access to banking information, you should only have that privilege if your high up in the bank, or if one of the tellers needs to look at someone’s banking information then the manager they’re should have to put in a password that only he/she knows so they can get that information. How to cite Sandra Jones, Papers

Child Protection Board

Question: Discuss about theChild Protection Board. Answer: Introduction Child Protect Board is a not for profit organization that is set up in Australia and has its headquarters in Sydney. There are two other branches of the organization in Australia that are located in Brisbane and Melbourne. With the change in the technology, there are new and improved services that the organization has decided to implement in the areas of data file exchange and payroll operations. These services will be implemented on the cloud platform and the report covers the cloud delivery model, cloud deployment model, advantages to the staff, cloud vendors for the services and security aspects as well. Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS) Cloud Delivery Model Child Protection Board is an organization that does not specialize in the development, hosting and implementation of software services and solutions. The most applicable delivery model in this case is Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS). IaaS is a delivery model that would provide the organization with the hardware and software required for the services. It will also take care of the data centre and would act as a third party host for the services that are required to be implemented by the Child Protection Board (Elmasry, 2016). There are a number of advantages that will be offered by IaaS. The infrastructure cost will not be involved with the involvement of IaaS as the delivery model and it will also offer a great degree of scalability and flexibility. IaaS will also the organization to easily scale up and scale down the services as per the changes in the requirements and technology. Availability and reliability of the services will also be offered by this delivery model (Kavitha, 2014). Hybrid Cloud - Deployment Model The deployment model that has been recommended for Child Protection Board and its services is the hybrid cloud. This model is the combination of the public and private cloud and will bring forward the best of both the models. The components of the services that would make use of public data and would include low on severity operations will be implemented on the public framework of the hybrid cloud and the rest of them would be implemented with the private cloud. There are a number of advantages that will be offered by the hybrid cloud which are as listed below. This model will provide enhanced security to the organization by keeping the data and information safe and secure (Rao, Naveena, David, 2015). The overall costs that will be associated with the deployment will also be less as compared to the private cloud and public cloud. The model will also be completely fit for purpose for both of the services required to be implemented by the organization. Benefits to the Staff There are a number of benefits that will be offered by the cloud based services to the staff members of the Child Protection Board. The first and the foremost benefit will be in terms of the ease of working that will come along with this approach. The staff members will experience a flexible style of working and will be able to work remotely and will also be able to maintain a higher balance between their work and personal life. The cloud based services will also provide the staff members with the opportunity to share the resources which in turn will increase the team collaboration and cooperation (Baciu, 2015). The staff members will also benefit in terms of the experience and hands on with the latest technology and framework present in the market. The customers will be satisfied with the newly provided services and the same will reflect on the benefits to the staff members in terms of the profits, appraisals and alterations in other human resource policies. Cost and Billing Comparison for Cloud Vendors There are a number of cloud vendors that provide a number of services and are commercially available in the market. The two services that are being implemented by the organization can be covered by selecting any of the packages that are offered by the vendors that are as listed below. These vendors also score well in terms of the security and other functionalities as required by the Child Protection Board. Price Reckon Saasu Xero Basic $5 per month $15 per month $9 per month Premium or Advanced $14 to 20 per month Up to $180 per month $70 per month Payroll Services Cloud Vendors (AdvisoryHQ, 2015) Price Rackspace Telstra Optus Cost CPU per hour $0.015 is the starting $0.175 is the starting $0.0175 is the starting Cloud GB Storage Storage Allowance included with compute $0.3 is the starting $0.3 is the starting Data File Exchange Cloud Vendors (Hortovanyi, 2016) Cloud Service Information Security Features Security is one of the critical areas that are associated with any service and any host. The same is the case with the cloud computing and the services that are made available by the same. The delivery and deployment models that have been recommended for the project will offer enhanced security to the Child Protection Board. However, there are a number of risks and threats in terms of information security that will still be present and it would be essential for the organization to develop mechanisms to deal with the same. Cloud services will be exposed to a number of network attacks such as denial of service, server impersonation, message alteration and many others that may adversely impact the confidentiality, integrity and availability of the information. There will also be a number of malware threats to the services which may adversely impact the services and the organization will be required to come up with latest anti-malware and anti-adware to control the same (Cloudcouncil, 20 15). There will also be a number of information security risks that will be associated with the services in terms of the availability of the same. It would also be essential to apply and implement the encryption across all of the information exchanges. Failure of the same will make it easy for the attackers to misuse the acquired information. In case of stronger encryption methods applied across the data and information present with the organization, it will make it impossible for the attacker to make use of the information even if the attempt to get hold of the same is executed successfully. References AdvisoryHQ,. (2015). 5 Best Small Business Accounting Software in Australia. AdvisoryHQ. Retrieved 14 September 2016, from https://www.advisoryhq.com/articles/5-best-small-business-accounting-software-in-australia/ Baciu, I. (2015). Advantages and Disadvantages of Cloud Computing Services, from the Employee's Point of View. Papers.ssrn.com. Retrieved 14 September 2016, from https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=2787612 Cloudcouncil,. (2015). Security for Cloud Computing Ten Steps to Ensure Success Version 2.0. Retrieved 14 September 2016, from https://www.cloud-council.org/deliverables/CSCC-Security-for-Cloud-Computing-10-Steps-to-Ensure-Success.pdf Elmasry, H. (2016). Cloud computing: A study of infrastructure as a service (IAAS). Academia.edu. Retrieved 14 September 2016, from https://www.academia.edu/1181740/Cloud_computing_A_study_of_infrastructure_as_a_service_IAAS_ Hortovanyi, N. (2016). Australian clouds compared | ZDNet. ZDNet. Retrieved 14 September 2016, from https://www.zdnet.com/article/australian-clouds-compared/ Kavitha, K. (2014). Study on Cloud Computing Model and its Benefits, Challenges. Retrieved 14 September 2016, from https://www.ijircce.com/upload/2014/january/4_Study.pdf Rao, T., Naveena, K., David, R. (2015). A New Computing Envornment Using Hybrid Cloud. Journal Of Information Sciences And Computing Technologies, 3(1), 180-185. Retrieved from https://scitecresearch.com/journals/index.php/jisct/article/view/86